top of page

Mr. William Still's Underground Railroad Record - Part 2

Image: From the beginning pages of "The Underground Railroad Record, by William Still."

Part 2.
Names of self emancipated enslaved people from North Carolina who found their way to William Still's Underground Railroad Station in Philadelphia.

-- Aug. 15/1855 (1) Arrived_ Miles Hooper189 safely reached here from N.C. (Federal)_
Fled from Chas. Montigue, Farmer of the ab. named place. Miles is about 23 yr’s of age, dark, not stout, intelligent &c. _ His owner was a hard master. Left parents, living_ also Bros. & sisters_ all scattered_

*189 The life and flight of Miles Hooper are recounted in Still, Underground Rail
Road, pg. 290.

-- Nov. 20/55 (21) at one arrival_ arrived from Norfolk, per Cap. F.205-
Daniel Car is about 38 yrs of age, dark molato, well made, intelligent and manly in his appearance. He had belonged to a man by the name of John C. Mc Bole ↑(steam mill)↓ of Plymouth N.C. By Mc Bole he had own only been owne owned 2 yrs_ Mc B having paid $1150_ for him. A Before Mc B bought him he had lived in Portsmouth Va. where he had been raised.
Since he had been sold. In life, a part of the time he had been used hard. Since after being sold to N.C. he made uncessful attempts to escape for which on one occasion especially he was stripped naked and flogged severely.

For 3 months he prior to his last escape he fled to the slan swamp and their surrounded with snakes, wild cats, Bears, Coons & c.&c. remained till his chance offered to come north.
He had a wife in Portsmouth before he was sold, was after he was taken to N.C. he only was allowed the priviledge of visiting her once. Being thus debared he resolved to escape. His wife has three children, all are slaves _ The wife, Hannah,; children, Sam, Daniel & the babies me he never saw_ it name he does not know. Member of the Methodist

Fredrick Nixon is about 33 yrs of age, dark, medium size, well made, smart & a member of the Methodist Ch. He fled because his owners wanted to work him hard without allowing him any thing. As to usage he had been used ruff_ especially in his younger days.
His owner was a Mr; Bockover. merchant and a member of the Methodist Church. He lef his wife, Elizabeth and 4 Children. They were living in Eatontown N.C. He had not seen them for nearly 1 year_ nor had he any prospect of being United with her should he have remained. Since he was first separated from his wife three yrs had elap↑s↓ed.

-- Mar. 25th_ 22 within 24 hours-
Author Spence is a young man from N.C. near 24 yrs of age genteel in appearance &c. He left because he was heaveyily oppressed_ having been ↑to↓ pay $175_ a year to his master, for his hire_ He left his mother, two Brothers & one Sister
*Arthur Spence was brought to freedom on the steamship of Captain Fountain. He likely went to Canada after leaving Philadelphia. Still, Underground Rail Road, 331-32

Benjamin Dickinson is also from N.C. Eatontown, where he had Miss Ann Blunt, who was “very hard indeed,” Has about ninty five Slaves whom she forces into anything. He had it in his head to leave for 3 yrs_ Being a hirerling he was badly treated_ placed in the service of a hard man who new no mercy__ Age 28, quite dark, medium Size, intelligent, Carpenter by trade&c. Left 2 sisters no Brothers &c.

-- Nine(9) July 21st 1856 Arrived per Capt. F. the following Passengers from Va. & North Carolina: Peter Hines284, from Eatontown N.C., James Morris285, from Norfolk, Matthews Baddums286, Eatonton, Plymouth N.C. James monroe287, South End, N.C., Chas. Thompson Porth↑s↓mouth, va, Charity Thompson, Nathaniel Bowser, Porthmouth, Thos Cooper, Porthmouth. George Anderson, Elkton, Md.

288_ Peter is 21 yr’s of age, Molato_ good looking, well made, and intelligent, As a Slave he had not been used hard as many slaves are_ He was owned Elias Hines, Lawyer, and was his body servant_

James is 27 yr’s of age is quite intelligent, and can read & write_ He was owned ↑by↓ Ann McCourt, a desperate woman, “I never knew any good thing of her towards me,” said James_ He was moved to leave on account of the threat, which had been made to sell him. As a slave he had been badly used. Had been sold three times_ but found none of them good ones_ owners.

Mathew is 23 yr’s of age, very stout, no fool, indicates resolution & inj inergy_ Is quite black &c, He was owned by Sam’l Simmons_ From him he had recd very badly treatment_ He left a Bro. in Martin Co.

** 284 The life of Peter Hines in slavery is briefly recounted in Still, Underground Rail Road, 316. Peter settled in Toronto, Canada West. 285 The details of the life of James Morris in slavery are recounted in Still, Underground Rail Road, 316-17.
James settled in Toronto, Canada West. He wrote often to William Still seeking to secure the escape of his wife and child from Norfolk. Still did not know if the two ever fled.
286 The life of Matthew Bodams in slavery is briefly recounted in Still, Underground Rail Road, 317.
Matthew settled in Toronto, Canada West.
287 After leaving Philadelphia, James Monroe settled safely in Toronto, Canada West. Still, Underground Rail Road, 317.
288 William Still offered no further sketches of the balance of these fugitives.

-- Nov. 9. 1856 (5) Arrived as follows_ Major Latham318 age 44, intelligent, Sawer, and was owned by John Lathem, Farmer &c, Williamstown Wm Wilson
319, Henry Goram320, Wiley Maddison
321, Andrew Shepperd
322, Major is 44 yr’s of age, Molato, seems intelligent, and was owned Jno. Lathem of Williamstown N.C_ His wife and three children were once moved away from him when the priviledged of seeing them were utterly cwl cut off. Only a few Months past his owned flogged him brutally_ The flogging moved him to escape_ He left a wife and three children independent of those refered to above.

Their names were Mizy Robinson, Wm is 42, Black Smith, medium size, intelligent and was owned by Dr Thos. Warren, Farmer who lived at Eatontown N.C. I was sold four times; ↑they↓ one of my master’s treated me well, once ↑twice↓ from my wife_ twice was separated from my wife ↑wives↓_ the my wife were sold far south, again my Second wife I married and was sold away to N.C. from Porthmouths, Va, from my wife Wanting to be my own free man was the cause of my seeking to escape_ Left My wife still remain in Porthmouth_ and is known by the name of Nancy Wilson_ owned by Wm Wilson_

Henry Goram is 34, heavy built, dark complected and Smart_ and by trade a carpenter_ The lash he had never felt_ but he had had always hated slavery_ To be free he had fled to the swamp where he remained 11 mos. ere he found his way to the Underground Rail Road_ In the Cane and the swamp he abode and resolved to remain till death rather than to subj submit to Slavery_ From his wife he too had been sold_ She however was not

Wiley is 19 yr’s ↑of↓ age, fair enough to pass for white; indeed it was as a white man that he escaped_ Leaving Petersburg, on the cars_ he came on the without being molested_ he is smart and promises much.

Andrew is a fine looking speciman_ age 26, and Inginer &c. He left his wife Levina, and one child_ They were owned by a small orphan girl_ who lived lives in South End, Camden Co. N.C

** 318 Major Latham was forwarded to Philadelphia on the steamship of Captain Fountain by the Quaker, Thomas Garrett, who also assisted Major and the others once they reached Wilmington, Delaware. He left for Canada from Philadelphia.
Still, Underground Rail Road, 379-80.

319 Thomas Garret forwarded William Wilson from Wilmington, Delaware, on Captain Fountain’s steamship. Wilson soon departed for Canada.
Still, Underground Rail Road, 379-81.

320 Henry Gorham was released from his cave in the swamp by an agent of the underground railroad who assisted him in North Carolina. He found him passage on the vessel which eventually brought Henry and the others to Philadelphia. He then departed for Canada. Still, Underground Rail Road, 379, 381,

321 Wiley Maddison and the others departed Philadelphia for Canada.
Still, Underground Rail Road, 381. 322

Andrew Shepherd arrived in Philadelphia from Wilmington, Delaware, with the others aboard the steamship of Captain Fountain. They departed Philadelphia for Canada.
Still, Underground Rail Road, 379-81.

-- Nov. 19th 1856 (4) Arrived_ Jacob Brown owned by Lewis Brown of Washington, N.C. arrived per Boat_ He had been badly treated. Dark, medium size and about 18 28 yr’s of age.

-- CAPTAIN F. ARRIVES WITH NINE PASSENGERS.
NAMES OF PASSENGERS.
PETER HEINES, Eatontown, North Carolina; MATTHEW BODAMS, Plymouth, North Carolina; JAMES MORRIS, South End, North Carolina; CHARLES THOMPSON, CHARITY THOMPSON, NATHANIEL BOWSER, and THOMAS COOPER, Portsmouth, Virginia; GEORGE ANDERSON, Elkton, Maryland.

Their arrival was announced by Thomas Garrett as follows:

WILMINGTON, 7th mo., 19th, 1856.

RESPECTED FRIEND, WILLIAM STILL:—I now have the pleasure of consigning to thy care four able-bodied human beings from North Carolina, and five from Virginia, one of which is a girl twelve or thirteen years of age, the rest all men. After thee has seen and conversed with them, thee can determine what is best to be done with them. I am assured they are such as can take good care of themselves. Elijah Pennypacker, some time since, informed me he could find employment in his neighborhood for two or three good hands. I should think that those from Carolina would be about as safe in that neighborhood as any place this side of Canada. Wishing our friends a safe trip, I remain thy sincere friend, THOS. GARRETT.

Peter was only twenty-one years of age, composed of equal parts of Anglo-Saxon and Anglo-African blood—rather a model-looking "article," with a fair share of intelligence. As a slave, he had fared pretty well—he had neither been abused nor stinted of food or clothing, as many others had been. His duties had been to attend upon his master (and reputed father), Elias Heines, Esq., a lawyer by profession in North Carolina.

No charges whatever appear to have been made against Mr. Heines, according to the record book; but Peter seemed filled with great delight at the prospects ahead, as well as with the success that had attended his efforts thus far in striking for freedom.

James was twenty-seven years of age. His experience had been quite different from that of Peter's. The heel of a woman, by the name of Mrs. Ann McCourt, had been on James's neck, and she had caused him to suffer severely. As James recounted his grievances, while under the rule, he by no means gave her a very flattering character, but, on the contrary, he plainly stated, that she was a "desperate woman"—that he had "never known any good of her," and that he was moved to escape to get rid of her. In other words she had threatened to sell him; this well nigh produced frenzy in James's mind, for too well did he remember, that he had already been sold three times, and in different stages of his bondage had been treated quite cruelly. In the change of masters he was positive in saying, that he had not found a good one, and, besides, he entertained the belief that such personages were very rare.

Those of the Committee who listened to James were not a little amazed at his fluency, intelligence and earnestness, and acknowledged that he dealt unusually telling blows against the Patriarchal Institution.

Matthew was twenty-three years of age, very stout—no fool—a man of decided resolution, and of the very best black complexion produced in the South. Matthew had a very serious bill of complaints against Samuel Simmons, who professed to own him (Matthew), both body and mind, while in this world at least. Among these complaints was the charge of ill-treatment. Nevertheless Matthew's joy and pleasure were matchless over his Underground Rail Road triumph, and the prospect of being so soon out of the land and reach of Slavery, and in a land where he could enjoy his freedom as others enjoyed theirs. Indeed the entire band evinced similar feelings. Matthew left a brother in Martin county.

("TORONTO, C.W., Aug. 17th, 1856.
MR, STILL:—Dear Sir—These few lines may find you as they leave us, we are well at present and arrived safe in Toronto. Give our respects to Mrs. S.—— and daughter. Toronto is a very extensive place. We have plenty of pork, beef and mutton. There are five market houses and many churches. Female wages is 62-1/2 cents per day, men's wages is $1 and york shilling. We are now boarding at Mr. George Blunt's, on Centre street, two doors from Elm, back of Lawyer's Hall, and when you write to us, direct your letter to the care of Mr. George Blunt, &c. (Signed), James Monroe, Peter Heines, Henry James Morris, and Matthew Bodame.")

bottom of page