In the photograph we see Devon Henry. His construction company, Team Henry, LLC. being awarded the contracts to remove other confederate monuments in other locations like Charlottesville., dismantled and removed the #LeeMonument in #RichmondVirginia.

On August 10, 1858, Dr. Anna Julia Cooper was born enslaved in Raleigh, NC.
Dr. Cooper received a scholarship to Saint Augustine's Normal School at the age of 9 years old, she was one of the first students to matriculate from there.

Portrait of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. at the Selma to Montgomery March in 1965.

"September 8,1956, N.C. voters approved the Pearsall Plan to prolong segregation & thwart Brown v Board of Education. A committee had decided integration ‘should not be attempted’ because of low support. Local votes on integration & vouchers for private tuition were est. All measures of the plan were unconstitutional."

Durham pastor and civil rights leader Rev. Douglas E. Moore gives communion to five of the seven local youths who sat-in at the Royal Ice Cream Company shop in 1957.

Photo description: Dr. Rev. Martin Luther King Jr. at Bennett College for Women in Greensboro, NC being interviewed by Bennett Belles when he visited the campus in Feb 11, 1958.
This photograph is displayed in the college's Thomas F. Holgate Library.

With dignitaries behind him and a crowd of 1,800 before him, King spoke in Rocky Mount in 1962. A recorder preserved his now-legendary words in the gymnasium at Booker T. Washington High School.

September, 1968 - Williston Senior High school, a prominent all-Black high school was suddenly closed in order to integrate its 1100 students into the two white high schools. The sudden closing angered many in
the Black community who felt that while it was inevitable and desegregation was necessary, it did not have to and should not have occurred in the sudden and traumatic manner in which it did.

More than 1000 students march against segregation, 1960.-Orangeburg, SC

June 4, 2019 marks the 100th anniversary of Congress passing the #19thAmendment, granting women the right to vote, a freedom they had long deserved.

August 6, 1956, President L.B. Johnson Signed The Voting Rights Act Of 1956 Breaking Open The Way For Black Americans To Vote.

N.C A&T held the 60th Sit-In Anniversary Breakfast Celebration at its Greensboro campus on Jan. 31, 2020. The event commemorates the first downtown Greensboro NC sit-in on Feb. 1, 1960, and celebrates the four A&T freshmen who led the effort to integrate whites-only lunch counters.

A total of 21 students were arrested that day along with their parents. They were accused of violating a court order forbidding them from “engaging in sitting-in, picketing, trespassing or otherwise interfering with the normal operation” of the school. Judge W.H.S. Burgwyn of the Harnett Superior Court in Lillington directed the Dunn School Committee and the Harnett County Board of Education to appear at the hearing and stated he thought the whole affair something of “a tempest in a teapot” as he expresses the hope it could be settled amicably.

Image: March 15, 1962-A “round-robin” demonstrator asks to buy a ticket to the Carolina Theatre and gets a refusal at the box office. Once turned away, protesters went to the end of the line and waited their turns to try again.
Photographer: Jim Sparks, Durham Herald Sun.

To be able to stop at almost any Southern gas station and have a good, inexpensive meal is an American tradition rooted in Black survival and entrepreneurship

To Protest Segregation, They Walked Out Of Their Classroom And Into History

Amanda V. Gray (1869-1957), Doctor of Pharmacy, (center). Photo in promotional leaflet, between 1903 and 1917?

A great power house has passed on May 20, 2020, Ms. Andrea Harris. She was a pure fire trailblazer for Black North Carolinians.
Top photo credit: Congresswoman Alma S. Adams
Bottom photo credit: Spectacular Magazine

On April 30, 1963, Angie Brooks, with her nephew, who was a student at St. Augustine’s at that time1, and Allard Lowenstein attempted to have lunch together at two restaurants in downtown Raleigh but were denied service because Brooks was African.

Photograph of Ann Atwater registering voters in Durham, N.C., December 1967.
From the Billy E. Barnes Photographic Collection (P0034), North Carolina Collection Photographic Archives, The Wilson Library, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.

1. Dr. King's oldest daughter, oldest son and his brother.
2. Mrs. King and their youngest daughter.
3. Dr. King's youngest son, his sister and his father.
4. The funeral procession after the church ceremony. Mrs. King and their children lead the way.

Materials produced by the Association for the Black Revolution and the White Backlash event, including a sheet for submitting audience questions for the panel and a transcript for the event.

Attorney George Greene (far left) is seen at the Wake County Jail with St. Augustine College and Shaw University students after they were arrested outside the Cameron Village (present-day Village District) Woolworth’s before a planned sit-in protest, 12 February 1960.

Activist and former head of the NAACP, Benjamin F. Chavis, Jr., (Born in Oxford, NC), told in his HistoryMakers interview of his great-great-great grandfather, John Chavis, who was one of the earliest black educators in the United States.

We all know about the four men students from
A & T and the lunch counter sit-ins. That story and photograph are rolled out every #bhm and on the anniversary of that sit-in happening.

Bennett Belles from Bennett College For Women-1937-Students protesting Jim/Jane Crow laws enforced by the Carolina Movie Theater in Greensboro, NC-photographer unknown.

On April 15, 1960, black college students guided by civil rights activist Ella Baker formed the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) at Shaw University in North Carolina. Inspired by the sit-ins that college students waged throughout the South in February 1960, Ella Baker organized a conference at Shaw University to bring these young activists together.

Black Students Arrested During Sit-in In Former Cameron Village Honored With Historic Marker

Rare 19th-century photographs of African American women who were active in suffrage, civil rights, temperance, education, reform, and journalism.
Digitized By the Library of Congress.

"“You come against me with hatred, oppression, and violence,” Newsome shouted with the flag in her hand. “I come against you in the name of God. This flag comes down today.”
#BreeNewsome - June 27, 2015 -

African American citizens campaign for integration in Durham, N.C., 1963

Cecil J. Williams , was born in Orangeburg, South Carolina ,November 26, 1937.
He is an American photographer, publisher, author and inventor who is best known for his photography documenting the civil rights movement in South Carolina beginning in the 1950s.

The Greensboro Sit-Ins
In an iconic photo from 60 years ago, four young African American men sit at a Woolworth’s lunch counter and stare resolutely back at the photographer behind them. Behind the counter is a young busboy. His name was Charles Bess.

Image is from the front page of the December 20, 1962 edition of the "Chowan Herald". On December 20, 1962, Rev. Dr. King spoke to a massive crowd at the National Guard Armory on North Broad Street.

Photograph: Left corner insert, Louis Lomax. Back row: James Baldwin, Oliver Killens, Ossie Davis, Ruby Dee and (folk singer) Odetta Holmes are the artists who formed the Association of Artists for Freedom, which called for a Christmas boycott to protest the church bombing, and asked that, instead of buying gifts, people make Christmas contributions to civil rights organizations.

1872 Portrait of educator Clarissa M. Thompson, (b. 1856-?) tintype.

April 9th 1968: Coretta Scott King, widow of Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr (1929 - 1968), and their daughter, Yolanda, sit in a car as it leaves for Martin Luther King Jr’s funeral, Atlanta, Georgia.
The reflection of a group of mourners standing in front of a house is visible in the window of the car.

Personal explanation - speeches of Hon. George H. White of North Carolina, in the House of Representatives, Monday, February 5, and Friday, February 23, 1900.
There are 17 pages in this publication.

In Durham, NC on February 12, 1938, Harris refused to move to the back of the bus, this is the story of how she won her case before the North Carolina Supreme Court and sued the bus company for damages.

Dorothy Cotton sits for a photo with other staff members at the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, including the organization's president, Martin Luther King Jr.

Even though she was not allowed to use the law library, cafeteria or restroom in the courthouse, Dovey Johnson Roundtree was a gifted master litigator.

Anna Julia Cooper (1858-1964), educator and civil rights activist, sufferagist, seated, with book on her lap.

Anna Pauline "Pauli" Murray born on November 20, 1910 was a Civil Rights activist who became a lawyer, a women's rights activist, Episcopal priest, and author.

The wager was ten dollars. It was 1944, and the law students of Howard University were discussing how best to bring an end to Jim Crow. In the half-century since Plessy v. Ferguson, lawyers had been chipping away at segregation by questioning the “equal” part of the “separate but equal” doctrine—arguing that, say, a specific black school was not truly equivalent to its white counterpart.

Dr. Willa Johnson Cofield, during the years of segregation, she was a very courageous teacher activist of Halifax County, NC. After her major teacher rights victory in the high Federal courts, Willa Johnson eventually moved to New Jersey and got her PhD in Urban Planning at Rutgers.

In Durham, North Carolina on February 12, 1938, a bus driver asked Ellen Harris to move to the back of the bus when a white passenger got on board. She refused, but offered to get off the bus if her fare was refunded. Instead of refunding her fare, the bus driver had Ms. Harris arrested for violating segregation laws.

The High School students from Cumberland, Harnett and Bladen counties attend this school in Sampson County. Some of the students in the picture lived or now live in Cumberland Counties.

This is placeholder text. To change this content, double-click on the element and click Change Content.

Edward H. Jones was born on Sun, 05.09.1920. He was an African American businessman and activist.

Ella Baker, born Dec. 13, 1903 and died Dec. 13, 1986, was a civil rights and human rights activist beginning in the 1930s whose career spanned more than five decades. She was instrumental in the launch of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC).

Ella Josephine Baker- born December 13, 1903, and died December 13, 1986
Ella J. Baker was the granddaughter of enslaved grandparents. She was the daughter of Georgia Anna Ross and Blake Baker of Elams, NC.

Elreta Melton Alexander-Ralston was born on March 19, 1919 - and died on March 14,1998. In 1947, after passing the North Carolina bar exam, Alexander became the first Black woman to practice law in North Carolina. However, it is important to note that Ruth Whitehead Whaley was the first Black woman admitted to the North Carolina bar, but she never practiced in the state. On December 2, 1968, Alexander became the first Black judge elected in North Carolina and the first Black woman to be elected an elected district court judge in the United States.

Two Indian girls, Emma Jean and Juanita Chance sit outside as white children load up school buses after the first day of school.

Ervin Hester, the first regularly scheduled African-American news anchor in the southeast died at 81 years old, in Durahm, NC.

Pictured is Eva Clayton filing for office in North Carolina’s primary elections, on February 25, 1968.

This was Clayton’s first attempt seeking election to congress—an effort encouraged by civil rights activist Vernon Jordan.

The Honorable Eva M. Clayton was born on September 16,1934. She is an African American politician (retired) and administrator.

Pictured is the Excelsior Hook and Ladder Company in 1892.
Durham’s first all-Black volunteer fire department. (Durham, NC)

A Film by Joanne Grant--reveals the instrumental role that Ella Baker, a friend and advisor to Martin Luther King, played in shaping the American civil rights movement. The dynamic activist was affectionately known as the Fundi, a Swahili word for a person who passes skills from one generation to another.

Bust portrait of educator and activist, Fannie Barrier Williams,(1855-1944), photographed by Paul Tralles (Washington, DC, 1885), cabinet card.

Photo collage description: Photo top left corner is David Caldwell, Jr.,he and fellow activists have tried for decades to push local, state, and federal officials to counteract environmental racism. Photograph by Jeremy M. Lange Photograph by Jeremy M. Lange.

Food Workers at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill protest their working conditions and employment terms under SAGA Food Services.

Students were denied the right to hold civil rights meeting on campus so they held meetings under the "freedom tree" 1956 - Orangeburg, SC

Chatham County, North Carolina - Gatha Horton was born in Chatham County in 1910 to Alford and Minnie Horton. Her father was a teacher. He died when she was 10. Three of her grandparents had been enslaved in Chatham.

On this day January 29, 1901, North Carolina Congressman George H. White delivered his now-famous "Phoenix" Farewell Address.

The GIP coincided with COINTELPRO - The FBI’s War on the Civil Rights Movement

George Floyd's daughter.

Golden Asro Frinks (August 15, 1920 – July 19, 2004) was an American civil rights activist and a Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) field secretary who represented the New Bern, North Carolina SCLC chapter.

Perdue granted a pardon of innocence on December 31, 2012 which qualified each of the ten to state compensation of $50,000 per year of incarceration.

In the 1950s Duke Power's Dan River Steam Station in Draper, North Carolina had a policy restricting Black employees to its "Labor" department, where the highest-paying position paid less than the lowest-paying position in the four other departments.

Hallie Quinn Brown, (1850-1949), educator and activist.

Harvey Beech (left) and J. Kenneth Lee (right) on the first day of classes at UNC Law School in 1951.

“Harvey Gantt and the Sea of Reporters”: On January 28, 1963, Gantt became the first Black student of Clemson College (now Clemson University) in South Carolina. The Charleston, SC native later became the first Black mayor of Charlotte, NC twice elected, in the 1980's.

February 3, 1983, Henry Frye became the first African American to serve on the North Carolina Supreme Court!

Henry Plummer Cheatham (December 27, 1857 – November 29, 1935) was a formerly enslaved person who became an educator, advocate, farmer and politician. Cheatham was elected as a Republican member of the United States House of Representatives from 1889 to 1893 from North Carolina. He also was the main power behind creating the Colored Orphanage in Oxford North Carolina and was the superintendent 1907-1935.
Note: Rev. G.C. Hawley through his mother, Mrs. Hallie Cheatham Hawley is related to Henry P. Cheatham Sr. - end note.

Be Careful supporting and celebrating the false identities created by the White Americans to sanitize Rev. Dr. King Jr. to make him and the whole racial and social justice movement more comfortable for White Americans.

Civil Rights in Carolina: A Native American’s Story. When one thinks of the Civil Rights era, it’s usually a black and white issue. North Carolina, however, was one of the few states labeled tri-racial. There were three school systems, three seating areas, and three water fountains.

J. Edgar Hoover’s war on black artists
For five decades, the U.S. government systematically spied on black artists. Ironically, in some cases they inadvertently helped amplify their voices.

Civil rights attorney J. Kenneth Lee talks about the many social changes he has witnessed over his long career during an interview in Greensboro in 2009.

Lincoln Signed the Executive Order to Emancipate The Enslaved Black People of the U.S. In Jan 1863!
The Enslaved Black People in Texas did not find out Until 21/2 years later, in 1865 that they had been freed.

“Colored Only"
Portrait of novelist/playwright/civil rights activist James Baldwin, in Durham, North Carolina, in 1963. l Photographer: Steve Schapiro

One of four black congressmen elected from North Carolina’s Second District— called the “Black Second” for its black-majority population—during the late 19th century, O’Hara was easily the state’s most flamboyant and controversial black officeholder of the era.

Montgomery, AL. 1961. James FARMER (seated in chair) and John LEWIS, (sitting on floor) at a strategy meeting for the Freedom Riders. Lewis' head is bandaged, having been beaten earlier by the Ku Klux Klan.

Joan Little was the first woman in United States history to be acquitted using the defense that she used deadly force to resist sexual assault. Her case also has become classic in legal circles as a pioneering instance of the application of scientific jury selection.
Left image - Joan Little (left) and one of her attorneys (Karen Galloway) wait for an elevator July 14, 1975 in the Wake County Courthouse where Little was on trial for the 1974 stabbing death of one of her jailers. Source: Washington Area Spark.
Right Image- Supports of Joan protesting her arrest. Source: U.S. Prison Culture website.

John Campbell Dancy Jr., editor and public official, was born in Tarboro, the son of John C. Dancy, Sr., an enslaved person who became a freeman and, after the Civil War, was a builder and contractor and an Edgecombe County commissioner.

Dancy was one of the first African Americans to be elected to the North Carolina House of Representatives in 1896. He represented the Tarboro District in the legislature for two years before the Wilmington Race Riots disenfranchised African Americans.

Joseph Alfred McNeil greets people after the wreath laying ceremony at the February One Monument at the 60th Sit-In Anniversary Breakfast Celebration on the N.C. A&T campus in Greensboro, N.C., on Friday, January 31, 2020.

Josephine A. Silone Yates, (1852-1912), educator and activist, seated before studio backdrop.

Freedom Riders Surrender in Hillsborough
On March 21, 1949, the Freedom Riders surrendered at the Orange County Courthouse in Hillsborough and were sent to segregated chain gangs.

Juanita and Ima Jean Chance at a sit in demonstration in all-white Dunn High School. The young high school students refused to leave. Their parents were called and interrogated by Police Chief Alton Cobb, who tried to persuade the parents to take their children home.

Kellis Earl Parker 13 Jan 1942 - 10 Oct 2000 Kinston, Lenoir County, NC native Kellis Earl Parker, an accomplished lawyer, activist, scholar, and musician, was born January 13, 1942 in Kinston, North Carolina.

Bust portrait of educator and civic leader, Maria “Molly” Baldwin,(1856-1922).

In the late 1800s, African American workers, tradesmen, and professionals who were excluded from all-White labor unions organized their own unions. Mrs. Bethune wrote in her 1936 speech “Closed Doors”:

Dr. M. Moran Weston was born on Saturday, 09.10.1910. He was an African American minister, businessman and civil rights activist.

'-Moranda Smith was a black labor organizer and unionist who served as the first regional director of Winston-Salem, North Carolina's local 22 of the Food, Tobacco, Agricultural and Allied Workers of America (FTA) in the 1930 and 1940s.

Mr. William C. Chance Protested Segregated Rail Cars, 1948

On June 25, 1948, Parmele, NC native William Claudius Chance (23 Nov. 1880–7 May 1970), was made to get off an Atlantic Coast Line Railroad passenger train car in Emporia, Virginia, for refusing to move to a car for black passengers.

Mrs. King and her four children flew from Memphis back to Atlanta with Rev. Dr. King’s body for burial.

Sarah Dudley Pettey (1869-1906) was an African American educator, writer, organist, and political activist in North Carolina. She devoted her life and career to increasing gender and racial equality, Christian temperance, and Woman's Suffrage participation in the state's public sphere during the Jim Crow era.

While a student at N C A&T State University in Greensboro, NC, she became actively involved in the Civil Rights Movement. Among her most notable contributions was her participation in the historic Woolworth’s protests of 1963—demonstrations that grew out of the landmark 1960 Greensboro sit-ins, when four courageous Black students challenged segregation at a “whites-only” lunch counter.
Over forty-five years, Willena served as a pillar of Greensboro’s Healthy Homes Division, dedicating her professional life to improving housing conditions for families throughout the community.

A total of 21 students were arrested that day along with their parents. They were accused of violating a court order forbidding them from “engaging in sitting-in, picketing, trespassing or otherwise interfering with the normal operation” of the school.

N.C. Mutual executive R. Kelly Bryant, Jr., tosses lollipops, and Santa Claus (William McBroom) receives onlookers’ cheers during a “Black Christmas” parade, November 29, 1968.

The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, or NAACP, is America’s oldest and largest civil rights organization.

Ahoskie, NC Had State's First Black Cop

Paula Dance becomes the first African American woman sheriff in the state of NC and only the fifth in the entire country.

6 August 1962, Percy High is seen exiting the Pullen Park Pool as City Recreation Director Jimmy Chambers looks on.
This photo is part of an exhibit at the Raleigh City Museum, Raleigh, North Carolina.

Receipt for poll tax fee that Black people had to pay to vote.

This is placeholder text. To change this content, double-click on the element and click Change Content.

July 2, 1964 , President Lyndon B. Johnson signed the Civil Rights Act of 1964.
Today marks the 55th anniversary of the signing of The Civil Rights Act of 1964.
This legislation outlawed discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.

On April 3 1968, Dr. King and some of his associates returned to Memphis. After they landed, Dr. King checked into room 306 at the Lorraine Motel.

On October 30, 1967, Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and Rev. Ralph Abernathy were arrested and forced to begin serving sentences in Birmingham jail because they led peaceful protests against unconstitutional bans on race mixing in Birmingham in 1963.

Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., was assassinated while standing on the balcony at the Lorraine Motel in Memphis, Tennessee, on April 4, 1968, at 6:01 p.m. CST.

December 4,1967, Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. announced the Southern Christian Leadership Conference’s Poor People’s Campaign, a movement to broadly address economic inequalities with nonviolent direct action.

On this day January 8, 1977 Reverend Dr. Anna Pauline “Pauli” Murray became the first ordained female African American Episcopal priest

Robert Lee Vann was an African American newspaper publisher and editor. He was the publisher and editor of the Pittsburgh Courier from 1910 until his death

The continuation of that civil rights movement was felt in Rocky Mount with a sanitation workers’ strike that started in July 1978.
Their efforts to win dignity and to build leaders was recognized today September 7, 2019, with a N.C. Highway Historical Marker at the BTW Community Center, 727 Pennsylvania Ave., Rocky Mount.

In the 1940s, Rosanell Eaton became one of the first African Americans in North Carolina to successfully register to vote since Reconstruction.

Sadie Tanner Mossell Alexander was a pioneer among Black women in United States law and education, and a committed civil rights activist.

Sandra Hughes Was Hired And Began Working At WFMY, Helping Pave the Way For Black Women in Journalism

September 1, 1953: In Sarah Keys v. Carolina Coach Company, Keys challenged the “separate but equal” in bus segregation before the Interstate Commerce Commission.

Photo description: Hardy Frye and Howard Jeffries standing next to the Holly Springs project’s Plymouth with the SNCC logo painted on the door. Source: Frank Cieciorka Collection, crmvet.org.

On June 2, 1976, FBI Director Clarence Kelley presented Special Agent Sylvia E. Mathis with her badge and credentials, #2658. She was issued a leather attaché case, an unadorned purse, and a Smith & Wesson revolver with a snub-nosed barrel short enough to fit inside the purse.

Today, August 28, 2020 is The 57th Anniversary Of The March On Washington For Jobs And Freedom - August 28, 1963

North Carolina State Troopers pick up protesters on the road to the Warren County Landfill in Afton, North Carolina, September 1982.

Photo: PCB landfill protest in Afton, North Carolina, September 1982. (Jerome Friar/UNC Libraries)
--
Warren County, NC Is The Birthplace of The Environmental Justice Movement

1949 Freedom Riders ‘surrendered’ in Hillsborough N.C. Arrested & Placed in Bl/Wh Chain Gangs. 2 Year Protest v Seg. Buses.

The FREEDOM RIDERS Stopped Through Greensboro
By Jim Sshlosser- Staff Writer/News & Record
May 3, 1991 Updated Jan 24, 2015

They stopped in Greensboro 30 years ago to rest and invite people to join them.

Continued short biographies of these FREEDOM RIDERS involvement in the Anti-Segregation Movement.

Judge George Royster Greene, Sr., was born in Nashville, North Carolina to the late Dr. W. L. Greene and Georgia Royster Greene, on October 5, 1930. He was one of three sons. He transitioned into Heaven on Sunday, March 17, 2013, at his dearly beloved First Baptist Church.

On Sunday, 04.13.1947 The Journey of Reconciliation is celebrated. This was the first civil rights freedom ride through the American South.

"The Kissing Case," as it came to be known, drew international media attention to Monroe, N.C.

October 28, 1958. Two Black Boys, Seven and Nine Years Old, Arrested and Jailed for Over Three Months After White Girl Kissed Them on Their Cheeks.

Image description: Top photo-Black women workers Protesting at Piedmont Leaf Tobacco Company, 1946. Bottom photo- Margaret DeGraffenreid being forced into a police car during the protests.
Source: Forsyth County Public Library.

The Rev. Dr. William J. Barber II at Pullen Memorial Baptist Church in Raleigh, N.C., on Jan. 27, before a backdrop showing the North Carolina house of representatives chamber where he was arrested in 2011.

One afternoon in 1955, six Black men played golf on a whites-only course. What happened next pushed Greensboro toward integration and turned a local dentist into a civil rights icon.

Image description: Color photograph of the Harnett Regional Theater (Stewarts Theater) in Dunn, NC
– photo courtesy of Cinematreasures.org

Civil Rights at the Grass Roots in Eastern North Carolina, 1957-1964
Freedom Fighters Remember Williamston, NC Civil Rights Movement -- The Williamston Freedom Movement,

October 17, 1972—Chavis and the "Wilmington 9" convicted on charges of conspiracy to assault emergency personnel and burning with an incendiary device. Anne Shepard convicted on charges of "accessory before the fact" of firebombing.

This is placeholder text. To change this content, double-click on the element and click Change Content.

In this photograph President L. B. Johnson signs the act as Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and legislators look on.

Fifty years ago, food services workers at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill went on strike for better wages and working conditions. The Black Student Movement supported the strike, which put a spotlight on labor and racial inequities at the university.

"The past is the key of the present and the mirror of the future. Therefore let us adopt as a rule to judge the future by the history of the past, and having the key of past experience that has opened the door to present success and future happiness."
Written by Robert Fitzgerald, Dr. Rev. Pauli Murray’s grandfather, July 1867 in his diary.

Photo: Walter Long (r) with his baby brother Sylvester*
----
Black police officers…the forgotten story…
February 25, 2010

A few days ago, in celebration of Black History Month, the Winston-Salem Police Department honored some of the first black police officers in the city.

Photo Collage Description: Top Row Left- Kelly Alexander Jr. standing in front of his home that he still lives in on Senior Drive which was bombed in 1965. His uncle Fred Alexander, whose house also was bombed, lived next door. Credit: Diedra Laird Dlaird.
Top Row Middle- Newspapers headlines about the November 22, 1965 White terrorist bombings. Credit: Charlotte Observer.

Cecil J. Williams of South Carolina drinking from a "whites only" water fountain

William Hooper Councill was a teacher, social justice activist, college president, and editor.
He was born in March.22.1849, Or in July 12, 1848.
Council was formerly enslaved and the first president of Huntsville Normal School, which is today Alabama Agricultural and Mechanical University in Normal, Alabama.

Willie Gertrude Brown was an African American activist for racial justice and the rights of children and women.

'This is environmental racism’
How a protest in a North Carolina farming town sparked a national movement

By Darryl Fears and Brady Dennis / WAPO - April 6, 2021