Cheyney University was the first official HBCU established in the United States, opening in 1837 in Cheyney, Pennsylvania, just west of Philadelphia.
The Department of Education considers schools that were founded in 1964 or earlier with the purpose of educating either former slaves or their descendants as Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs).

Source: Pennsylvania State Archives
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Cheyney University of Pennsylvania (CU) is a public Historically Black University in Cheyney, Pennsylvania, United States. Founded in 1837 as the Institute for Colored Youth,[3] it is the oldest of all Historically Black Colleges And Universities (HBCUs) in the United States.

It is a member of the Pennsylvania State System of Higher Education and the Thurgood Marshall College Fund. The university offers bachelor's degrees[4] and is accredited by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education.[5]
The university is partially in Thornbury Township, Chester County,[21] and partially in Thornbury Township, Delaware County.[22].

History
Cheyney University's antecedent was established within the City of Philadelphia as the African Institute in February 1837 and renamed the Institute for Colored Youth (ICY) in April 1837. The African Institute was founded by Richard Humphreys, a Quaker philanthropist who bequeathed $10,000 (equivalent to $322,500 in 2025), one-tenth of his estate, to design and establish a school to educate people of African descent and prepare them as teachers.

Born on a plantation on Tortola, an island in the British West Indies, Humphreys came to Philadelphia in 1764. Many Quakers were abolitionists, and he became concerned about the struggles of free people of color to make a living and gain education in a discriminatory society. News of a race riot against free African-Americans in Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1829 inspired Humphreys to bequeath money in his will for higher education for free blacks. He charged thirteen fellow Quakers to design an institution "to instruct the descendants of the African Race in school learning, in the various branches of the mechanic Arts, trades and Agriculture, in order to prepare and fit and qualify them to act as teachers ..."

Founded as the African Institute, the school was soon renamed the Institute for Colored Youth. In its early years, it provided training in trades and agriculture, as those were the predominant skills needed in the general economy. In 1902, the prominent Cheney family donated land that allowed the institute to relocate to George Cheyney's farm, a 275-acre property 25 miles (40 km) west of Philadelphia, straddling the Delaware County/Chester County line.[6]

The name "Cheyney" became associated with the school in 1913. The school's official name changed several times during the 20th century. In 1983, Cheyney was taken into the State System of Higher Education as Cheyney University of Pennsylvania.

The university has traditionally offered opportunities to many students from Philadelphia's inner city schools.[6] Its alumni have close ties in the city and state. It became part of a 1980 civil rights lawsuit against the state government; it alleged that the state had unlawfully underfunded the historically black university. The suit was settled 19 years later in 1999. This was five years after the U.S. Department of Education's Office of Civil Rights began investigating states "that once practiced segregation in higher education and were never officially found to have eliminated it."[7] In the settlement, the state agreed to provide $35 million to Cheyney over a five-year period, particularly for construction of needed buildings and academic development. By comparison, the university had an annual budget of about $23 million at the time.[7]

In November 2015, the Middle States Commission on Higher Education placed Cheyney University on probation. Three years later, the commission placed the university on "show cause" status which required the university to show cause by November 21, 2019, for showing compliance with the commission's standards or accreditation would not be renewed.[8] The accreditation concerns were driven by the university's financial woes, a concern the university sought to address in part with increased fundraising.[9]

On November 21, 2019, the Middle States Commission on Higher Education reaffirmed Cheyney's accreditation as "...the institution is now in compliance with Standard VI (Planning, Resources, and Institutional Improvement) and Requirement of Affiliation 11."[10] Four years later, in 2023, the commission again placed Cheyney on probation and warned that accreditation was in jeopardy because of insufficient evidence that it was complying with a number of standards.[11] The warning was lifted the following year.[12]

Source: Wikipedia